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Stages of Sleep: The Time Your Body Needs to Heal Itself

Sleep is one of life’s simple pleasures. When you think back to childhood, you may remember how easily sleep came to you. All you would have to do is close your eyes and dream the night away. Interestingly, as easy as it happens for babies and children, sleep is not a simple process of “shutting off” the brain and body. On the contrary, sleep is an active state. Sleep comes to your mind and body in four different stages, and each of the four stages of sleep has an important function to your physical and mental well-being. It is these stages of sleep that may become disrupted as you age, leading to many common sleep disorders.

The four stages of sleep enable your mind to alternate between two basic states: rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM sleep). All four stages of sleep consist of NREM sleep. After the four stages of sleep, you will enter REM sleep for a period of time, and then you will cycle back into the four stages of NREM sleep again, followed by another period of REM sleep, and so on. Throughout the night, a normal sleep pattern would be to alternate between the four stages of sleep and then REM sleep. Insomnia symptoms may occur during any stage of sleep or insomnia may also interfere with REM sleep.

Therefore, NREM sleep is made up entirely of the four stages of sleep. Each stage may last from 5 to 15 minutes. During Stage One, you may be easily awakened and feel as if you never slept. Stage Two is a light stage of sleep in which your heart rate slows and your body temperature decreases. This is a sign that your body is preparing for the deeper stages of sleep.

Both Stage Three and Stage Four are deep sleep stages, known as slow wave or delta sleep. Stage Four provides a deeper sleep than Stage Three. It appears that Stage Three and Stage Four are the stages of sleep when the body repairs itself, builds muscle and bone tissues, and strengthens the immune system.

After the four stages of sleep, REM sleep occurs. Your first period of REM sleep should be about 10 minutes. As the night progresses, each of your REM sleep periods should be longer, with your final REM sleep lasting up to 60 minutes. As the name implies, REM sleep is a time when your eyes move rapidly in different directions. You’ll likely experience intense dreaming activity during REM sleep.

All four stages of sleep, plus REM sleep, enable your body to rest and restore energy levels. The effects of sleep deprivation can be dangerous because giving your body enough time to sleep is fundamental to good health, stress relief, and recovery from illness.




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