Risk Factors for Developing Spinal Bone Spurs
Spinal bone spurs, or osteophytes, are smooth growths of excess bone that develop along the edges of vertebrae in response to a loss of spinal stability. These protuberances of excess bone typically are associated with osteoarthritis, and can appear at any level of the spine. More often than not, osteophytes remain asymptomatic. In fact, many people with bone spurs in the neck or back never realize they are afflicted with the condition. However, if these growths expand into the area occupied by adjacent nerve roots or the spinal cord, there is a chance that nerve compression can occur. And if a nerve is compressed or irritated, it can produce potentially debilitating pain, tingling, numbness, or muscle weakness in the back, neck, and extremities.
Who Develops Spinal Bone Spurs?
In most cases, spinal bone spurs develop in association with the natural aging process. In particular, vertebral joints (facet joints) can begin to lose cartilage over time, threatening the stability of the spine. Osteophytes form as the body attempts to make up for this reduction in stability. While there is no single identifiable cause of bone spur development, several risk factors have been identified:
- People 50 or older are more likely to develop arthritis of the spine, which can lead to bone spur development.
- Joints can become overused through repetitive lifting, bending or twisting, as well as constantly slouching while seated at a desk or driving.
- Injuries such as whiplash and compression fractures can hasten the degeneration of joints and likewise, the formation of bone spurs.
- Excess body weight places more stress on the joints.
- Inherited genetic traits can lead to the development of spine conditions also experienced by family members.
- Other conditions such as decreased blood supply, chronic illness, infection, or a diminished immune system also can contribute to joint degradation.
Treatment for Spinal Bone Spurs
Symptomatic osteophytes usually can be managed without surgery. More often than not, nonsurgical treatment methods such as pain medication, exercise, and spinal injections provide adequate relief. However, surgery might be considered if symptoms remain debilitating after several weeks or months of conservative treatment. Talk to your doctor about your treatment options if you have been diagnosed with a degenerative spine condition that has led to the production of osteophytes.
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