C-Reactive Protein:
Indicator of Arthritis & Heart Disease

When the body has any sort of inflammation, levels of C-reactive protein in the blood increase usually within 2 to 6 hours. The liver produces C-reactive protein (CRP) when there is inflammation somewhere in the body. In an arthritis panel, physicians check the C-reactive protein levels to determine any significant changes. The normal range of C-reactive protein should be 0-1.0 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or less than 10 mg/L (SI units). A C-reactive protein test is used to indicate inflammation: however, it cannot determine the cause and location of the inflammation.

The arthritis panel includes several other tests since different factors can interfere with the accuracy of the results. Patients using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or oral contraceptives may have inaccurate results. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, or corticosteroids also interfere with the results. Other factors may include pregnancy, obesity, vigorous exercise, and medication to lower cholesterol.

A C-reactive protein (CRP) test may be done to help determine:

Recent research conducted at Duke University Medical Center has shown, "healthy people who are prone to anger, hostility and mild to moderate depressive symptoms produce higher levels of C-reactive protein which promotes cardiovascular disease and stroke." Increase levels of stress hormones activate the production of C-reactive protein, according to Edward Suaraz, Ph. D., associate professor in the Duke University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.

A growing number of studies have suggested C-reactive protein tests can predict cardiovascular disease. Evidence of inflammation is important in atherosclerosis because diseased arteries typically contain inflammatory cells. Atherosclerosis is the process in which fatty substances; cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and other substances build up in the lining of the arteries. Studies have shown the higher the levels of C-reactive protein, the higher the risk of developing heart attacks.